Increased Rate of Infections in the Acute Care Setting

Expanded Rate of Infections in the Acute Care Setting Rey Albert Tablazon Kim Harper Medicinal services related contaminations create in a patient because of their presentation to human services offices or systems. They incorporate methicillin-safe Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-safe Enterococcus (VRE), C. difficile and different contaminations brought about by microorganisms and infections experienced in social insurance offices (CUPE, 2009). Clinic obtained contamination can bring about drawn out or changeless handicap and some emergency clinic procured diseases demonstrate deadly (Taylor, Plowman, Roberts, n.d.).The paces of these medical clinic gained contaminations in the intense consideration setting have expanded particularly in Alberta. For instance, in 2007, a starter observation report on MRSA in patients from 47 Canadian intense consideration sentinel emergency clinics found that the MRSA rate was 8.62 per 1000 affirmations (AHW, 2011). Additionally, since detailing started in 1999, a total aggregate of 1,241 VRE contaminated cases were accounted for to the Public Health Agency of Canada (Agency) through December 31, 2011 (PHAC, 2013). With the occurrences of these super-contaminations happening in the intense consideration setting, the wellbeing of the people being conceded in the emergency clinic is additionally positioned in danger. The people in danger incorporate for the most part kids and the old. As per the populace projections of the Alberta Treasury Board and Finance (2013), the quantity of Albertans matured 80 years and more seasoned would more than triple from the momentum level of around 115,000 out of 2012 to more than 383,700 by 2041 (p. 3). This implies an ever increasing number of old people will be at high hazard for diseases, for example, MRSA which as indicated by the report by AHC (2011), have contamination rates most noteworthy in the old (70 years and more seasoned). Obtaining diseases in the intense consideration setting can greatly affect the influenced person’s life. This may mean he can no l onger go to work while being treated in the medical clinic which would mean money related misfortunes which influence the individual, yet in addition his family. Besides, rewarding super diseases in an emergency clinic care setting can fundamentally affect the country’s economy. An overview of Canadian medical clinics (detailed in 2000) assessed the immediate expenses of emergency clinic procured contaminations in Canada to be around $1 billion yearly. In 2007, MRSA alone was evaluated to cost Canada’s social insurance framework $200-250 million every year (CUPE, 2009). Recognizing Solutions to Prevent Super-contaminations Super-contaminations can be expensive to treat and regularly than not, demonstrate deadly for the people harassed with such. Be that as it may, throughout the years, techniques have been created to additionally forestall people admitted to in an intense consideration setting from contracting such diseases. Such techniques include including more medicinal services cleaning and contamination control staff with legitimate preparing. Realizing how to manage a circumstance where disease happens can extraordinarily diminish the danger of specific contaminations from spreading further among people in an intense consideration setting. Medical clinics in Canada and Europe have exhibited that interest in all the more cleaning and contamination control staff, preparing and workforce security has cut disease rates down (CUPE, 2009). Most contaminations obtained in the intense consideration setting can be moved through direct contact. It can either be immediate contact with a tainted individual o r an item that has come into contact with a contaminated person. Move of irresistible microscopic organisms can be forestalled through legitimate hand washing. Emergency clinics these days will in general have hand sanitizers put deliberately over the whole medical clinic. While antimicrobial cleanser and water are still suggested for hands that are obviously grimy or have been presented to natural liquids, liquor based gels or rubs are currently favored for routine purification of hands after most patient contact. These items quickly eliminate microscopic organisms and most infections, and really are gentler on the hands than rehashed utilization of cleanser and water (IHI, 2012). The nurse’s job is to teach, not just the people being conceded into an intense consideration setting, yet in addition the guests coming all through the clinic to wash their hands appropriately. Nursing Care Plans There are three nursing care designs that were drafted from this situation which may apply to potential high hazard people included. First nursing determination is a genuine issue, dread/nervousness (see Appendix A for a breakdown of the consideration plan). Second nursing finding is a possible issue, hazard for disease (see Appendix B for a breakdown of the consideration plan). The last nursing analysis is an instructive need, information shortfall (see Appendix C for a breakdown of the consideration plan). End Forestalling the spread of super-contaminations includes collaboration. In addition to the fact that this is constrained to the human services laborers, yet in addition stretches out to families and guests in an intense consideration setting. The expansion of more staff that are prepared and learned in managing contamination anticipation surely helps keep such diseases under control. The majority of these diseases are gained through direct contact; in this manner, legitimate hand washing ought to be performed when coming into contact with an individual or any item that is available in the clinic. Not exclusively will it decrease the danger of getting a super-disease towards oneself, it will likewise forestall the spread towards others. References Albert Health and Wellness, (2011). Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) †2010 AHW Report. Recovered from http://www.health.alberta.ca/records/MRSA-Alberta-Report-2006-2010.pdf Alberta Treasury Board and Finance, (2013). Alberta populace projection. Recovered from http://www.finance.alberta.ca/aboutalberta/populace projections/2013-2041-alberta-populace projections.pdf Canadian Union of Public Employees, (2009). Human services related contaminations: a backgrounder. Recovered from http://cupe.ca/medicinal services/human services related contaminations Doenges, M.E., Moorhouse, M.F., Murr, A.C., (2006). Nursing care plans. Rules for individualizing customer care over the life expectancy seventh ed. USA. F.A. Davis Company Elsevier, (n.d.). Disease, hazard for all inclusive insurances; standard precautionary measures; CDC rules; OSHA. Recovered from http://www1.us.elsevierhealth.com/MERLIN/Gulanick/chronicle/ Constructor/gulanick33.html Establishment for Healthcare Improvement, (2014). Decreasing MRSA Infections: Staying One Step Ahead. Recovered from http://www.ihi.org/information/Pages/ImprovementStories/ReducingMRSAInfectionsStayingOneStepAhead.aspx Nanda Nursing Interventions, (2012). Nursing analysis information shortage †gestational diabetes mellitus. Recovered from http://nanda-nursinginterventions.blogspot.ca/2012/08/nursing-analysis information deficit.html Nursing Care Plan, (n.d.). Nursing care plan. Recovered from http://wps.prenhall.com/chet_ perrin_criticalcare_1/98/25168/6443016.cw/content/index.html Nursing Care Plan, (2012). Nursing care plan for inadequate information. Recovered from http://nanda-nursing-care-plan.blogspot.ca/2012/02/nursing-care-plan-for-deficient.html General Health Agency of Canada, (2013). Vancomycin-safe enterococci contaminations in Canadian intense consideration medical clinics: Surveillance Report January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2011. Recovered from http://www.ammi.ca/media/55895/cnisp_vre_surveillance_report_ 1999_to_2011-en.pdf Taylor, K., Plowman, R., Roberts, J.A., (n.d.) The test of clinic gained contamination. USA. Writing material Office Reference section A Reference section B Reference section C

Macbeth: Imagery Of Animal Behavior And Class Status Advances :: essays research papers

Macbeth: Imagery of Animal Behavior and Class Status Advances In Macbeth, the symbolism of creatures conduct and class status progresses the subject of creatures according to human qualities. The models talked about in my paper will make it very certain that this symbolism is obvious, all through the play.      In Act 1 sc. 3 line 8, the principal witch serenades and says that the mariner is the ace of the Tiger. The witch is contrasting the man with a Tiger. The tiger is an excellent creature and is close to the highest point of the Elizabethan World Picture. Henceforth the man is acceptable. Moreover the witch say's that she herself resembles a rodent without a tail. In this way she is missing something significant. The witch is deficient, much the same as the rodent. Besides I accept she is concealing something since when you are missing something you are able to be reluctant and shroud it. Moreover the rodent is veer low on the chain of being.      The next entry is Act 1 sc. 7 line 49. In this section Lady Macbeth is cited saying â€Å"like the poor feline I ‘th' adage† (1, vii., 49). That implies â€Å" the feline who eats fish yet won't consider making the plunge † (Folgers, p 40). Woman Macbeth is disclosing to Macbeth that he resembles the feline since he needs to turn into ruler yet he won't get his hands ridiculous. Anyway Lady Macbeth would discover somebody else to consider making the plunge, somebody to accomplish her filthy work.      In act 2 scene 4 line 15, the elderly person and Ross talk about the ongoing murder. The elderly person says that the executioner, an owl ensured nobody was looking furthermore, assaulted the hawk and slaughtered it. The owl, lower then the bird of prey on the chain of being generally eats mice, which is low on the order. Be that as it may, this time the owl eats the bird of prey whom is as a rule on the highest point of the chain of command.      Later in the play during act 3 Macbeth talks session the rundown of mutts and the rundown of men. On line 140 in sc.1 Macbeth contrasts the killings and the lowliest of mutts. In the following demonstration, Act 4 three witches utilize modest creatures to depict Macbeths majesty. In sc. 1 lines 1-30 the witches state that

Functional Resume Sample

Functional Resume Sample What is the purpose of a resume? You might say it is to get you hired but you’d be overlooking a key function of this piece of paper. A resume is an invitation you send to the hiring manager to say, “Hey! Wouldn’t you love to know more?” It’s about presenting yourself in a manner that helps you take a step closer to your ideal job.And because we come with a variety of backgrounds and job histories, you can’t find a single resume format that works. For those, with less than ideal work histories and a limited amount of experience, a functional resume will help make the invitation to be interviewed easier to achieve.So, let’s examine what the purpose and the benefits of functional resume are and consider the times when you should opt for this unique resume type. This guide will also feature a template you should use when creating a functional resume. THE PURPOSE OF A FUNCTIONAL RESUMEA functional resume serves an important use and it’s helpful to understand it before you create one. The most crucial function is to cover periods of unemployment or lack of proper work experience in a way that still makes the resume look presentable and functional. Your objective with the functional resume is to make the hiring manager look at the resume and consider it as normal as possible in terms of skills and qualifications.The difference between a functional and the ‘standard’ resume is how it approaches the work history. With the functional resume, you won’t highlight a chronological work history since you would have gaps in it. Instead, your focus is on the skills and experiences you’ve gained throughout your working history but also any outside activities or things you’ve been doing. The emphasis, therefore, is not in your titles or the number of months you’ve worked but on the experience and skills you’ve gained.It’s impo rtant to remember that a functional resume isn’t a worse resume style to any other style. You don’t need to feel ashamed in using this format. In fact, hardly any one of us has a perfect work record. Unemployment or lack of jobs shouldn’t be considered a failure â€" you might be out of work for a variety of reasons. Sometimes it can be family issues or your personal health that’s causing you to stay out of work. Sometimes the economy just isn’t good enough and jobs are hard to come by.Nonetheless, you will have skills and you can gain valuable experience even if you aren’t working. Managing your family or looking after an ill relative â€" heck, even travelling around the world â€" can present you with important skills that can be used in the workplace. Therefore, a functional resume is not a worse option â€" it’s just a different way of presenting your qualifications for the specific role. THE ADVANTAGES OF A FUNCTIONAL RESUMEIndeed, a functional resume can be extreme ly beneficial for many job applicants. The format, which will examine next, can provide you with these stunning benefits:Focus on the most important aspectsA functional resume can actually help you to better highlight your suitability for the role in question. You will need to fill the resume with skills rather than job titles and this makes it easier to focus on those skills the employer is looking for. You can examine the job description and start meticulously including examples of those particular skills that would help you to perform in the position.You have a clearer focus on what your skills are and how they relate to the job in question â€" the vision of what’s required becomes much clearer because the structure of your resume will be so different.Highlights transferable skillsUnfortunately, job applicants are not always very good at focusing on transferable skills. If the focus is on work, you tend to just emphasize the skills you’ve gained in the position without necess arily looking broader at what you can and cannot do.But with a functional resume, you need to focus on transferable skills and take a more critical look at the things you’ve learned throughout your life. This point is especially important for those looking for a different career path. You might have experience on sales but what if you are looking for a marketing position right now.With a functional resume, you can look beyond the job title and role and simply focus on the skills you’ve learned and which can help you in the new career path.Reduces redundancyA well-structured and accurately written functional resume can also reduce redundancy. With a chronological or the so-called traditional resume, you might be mentioning the same things twice. You might list the same skills for different job titles or include similar skills in your job list and under your skills.This takes unnecessary space and makes the hiring manager’s job more complicated. In a functional resume, you don†™t keep mentioning the same things over and over again.THE STRUCTURE OF A FUNCTIONAL RESUMESo, let’s start exploring what the functional resume should look like. How do you structure the resume and make the hiring manager fall in love with you?The most common structure is built around the following elements:Contact InformationQualifications SummaryRelevant SkillsProfessional ExperienceEducationContact informationAt the top of the functional resume, you should write down your contact information â€" this is similar to any other resume style. You should include the most relevant contact details, including your full postal address, your phone number, and your email address. It’s important to include both landline and mobile number (if you have both).You also want to mention if the email you are using is a work email. Nowadays, job applicants sometimes include their Twitter handle or link to their LinkedIn profile (if digital resume). You can do this too but just remember to only li nk to social media, which is used for professional purposes.Qualifications summaryThe first part of the resume summarizes the relevant qualifications you have in terms of the role. It should feature your career achievements without getting into the date details â€" remember, you are aiming to avoid shining light on any career gaps you might have.A good qualifications summary includes around six bullet points that display your most impressive achievements. These can be in relations to different skills such as:AuthorityAnalysed incoming sales data, creating 2,000-word reports for the company CEO.CreativityDesigned an efficiency program at the university to save housing department $2,000 a month in administrative costs.EfficiencyProduced 1,000 more package inputs at work compared to company average.RecognitionReceived the “Employee of the Month” award for six consecutive months in an organisation with 300+ employees.ManagementOrganised the outings, tournaments and marketing events for a soccer team for two years.CommunicationAlleviated customer disputes at a popular rail company for three years.Now, the above examples show you the broadness of qualifications you can draw from. It doesn’t have to come from a paid position â€" you don’t need to explain in detail here, but you just want to highlight your most impressive achievements.Of course, you also don’t need to make the six bullet points about each category but you can highlight to qualities that are most important in the role you are applying for.Relevant skillsYour next section will list the relevant skills you have in regards the role you are applying for. This is essentially the same as the skills section in your traditional resume â€" the emphasis is just more on the skills in a functional format.The key to a good skills section is to select around four skills that are applicable to the job you’re applying for. The employer mentions these skills exclusively in the job description. For example, it could be things like “communication, technical ability, creativity and leadership”. You can figure these out by reading the job description and application package.Now, for each of the important skills, you will want to come up with a bullet point to prove you have this skills or ability. For example, under “Communication”, you could list your high customer feedback, conflict resolution skills and so on. At this stage, you also want to quantify your skills â€" including numbers to the resume will add professionalism to the resume and catch the hiring manager’s attention better.Professional experienceYou will also include a professional experience sector in your functional resume. But as you can see, it’s not the first thing on your resume and you’ll format it a little differently to a traditional resume. The different formatting is to avoid highlighting any gaps you have in your career path.The emphasis won’t be on the dates, although you don’t have to hide them . You can easily “fudge” your resume slightly and leave out the months you’ve worked in a specific profession. For example, instead of showing the gaps in your employment, you simply leave them out:+2014 Hiring Manager at ZYXSep 2014 to Dec 2014 Hiring Manager at ZYX2015 Junior Account Manager at ABCMar 2015 to Jul 2015 Junior Account Manager at ABC2015-2017 Senior Manager at DoReMiDec 2015 to Jun 2017 Senior Manager at DoReMiYou can discuss these gaps later in the interview in case the hiring manager asks for more details.You can also directly tackle the issue of unemployment at this point if you want. There are legitimate reasons for not being at work â€" it’s not about laziness or lack of trying. You might have studied independently while looking after your small child or you’ve been volunteering in order to learn more about the world. The key is to label the unemployment and not refer to it as unemployment.So, instead of writing that you spent 2016 as unemployed, you can include it in your functional resume as a time for independent study (listing the courses you did) or stating you did Adventure Travel (and the things it thought you). In a way, you take agency for this gap and you show what valuable things it allowed you to do.Please note that you want to do this even if you were unemployed because you couldn’t find work â€" you still want to showcase what positive you did during this time and what you learned. Unemployment on its own can come off negatively.EducationFinally, you should list your education at the end of the functional resume. For the functional style, the list is just a basic collection of the university or school you went to, the degree you received, the date of graduation and any other relevant information, such as the grade you received.You don’t need to include any other information at this point unless it’s directly related to the role you are applying for.A SAMPLE FUNCTIONAL RESUMEWith the above information in mind, let’s examine a sample functional resume. You can use the template below to make your own functional resume. Just remember to tailor your functional resume based on the role or industry you are applying to.John Doe 123 High Street Local Town, 123 456 Tel: 012 234 567 Mobile 010 987 654 johndoe@email.comSUMMARYExperienced: Customer service professional with 5 years experience in hospitality industryEfficient: Ability to handle large projects at once, having been in charge of 200+ client portfolioLeader: Successfully led a team of customer service professional to improve customer service channel and reduce waiting times by 40%Resourceful: Researched customer service software to improve productivity in the organization by 30%RELEVANT SKILLSCustomer service:In charge of client accounts from organizing appointments to solving customer pain pointsTraining of new in-house task to ensure customers are treated fairly and wellCommunication:Lead a debating society in university where g ained important skills in speaking and listeningTaken courses in conversational influenceMultilingual with native-level language skills in English and SpanishTechnical:Proficient with Microsoft Office (Word, Excel and PowerPoint)Able to use Microsoft and Macintosh OSExperience on social media and history in using Periscope and TweetDeck to manage corporate accounts  PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCEZYX Company, City Name â€" Call centre representative ABC Business, Town Name â€" Hotel front desk manager CDE Organization, City Name â€" Client manager Diner ABC, Town name Cashier  EDUCATIONThe University of Dreams, City of Dreams, Dreamland Bachelor of Hospitality, June 2010  WHEN TO OPT FOR A FUNCTIONAL RESUME?So, when is the above template best used? Who benefits from a functional resume?As you might have picked up, the resume type is the perfect option for those who have been out of work for a long time. If you don’t have an extensive work history or you’ve been away from the work scene for a few years, you can utilise the functional resume to focus on your skills. It helps you cover those moments away from the grind in a way that doesn’t make you look like a person without the right skills or motivation for the role.It can even work with those who might not have a huge work history, especially one that relates to the role you are applying for. So, if you are looking to start your career in the fashion world but you’ve only really worked in retail, you can use the functional resume to focus on the transferable skills. It can help highlight your suitability for the role without a background in that specific role or industry.Indeed, you don’t need to have been unemployed or have a short list of job titles in the resume in order to use a functional resume. The format is fitting for those seeking to change their careers dramatically. Let’s say you’ve been working in different accounting roles for a decade but you finally want to follow your passion and get i nto the bakery industry. You won’t really benefit from listing your accounting roles but you can utilize the functional resume format to highlight your transferable skills (attention to detail, working on your own and so on), as well as mention the things you’ve done to explore the passion (baking courses and so on, for example).Now, you don’t always have to just stick to a single type of resume. It is possible to take elements of the chronological resume and combine them with a functional resume. The key is always to remember that your resume is supposed to present your qualifications, skills and achievements in a way that shows you’d be a great fit for the particular role in question.TO SUMMARIZEIf your work history isn’t full of decades of relevant work experience and you have gaps in employment, a functional resume is a good option. The emphasis of this resume is showcasing how your skills align with those required for the job position.It isn’t about the number of ye ars you’ve held a certain role but whether you have the skills and characteristics to perform in a specific role. It’s a great tool for showing your strengths.

10 Ways to Reduce College Stress

At any given point in time, most college students are stressed about something; its just part of going to school. While having stress in your life is normal and often unavoidable, being stressed is something you can control. Follow these ten tips to learn how to keep your stress in check and how to relax when it gets to be too much. 1. Dont Stress About Being Stressed This may seem ridiculous at first, but it is listed first for a reason: when youre feeling stressed, you feel like youre on edge and everything is barely being held together. Dont beat yourself up too badly about it! Its all normal, and the best way to handle stress is to not get more stressed about...being stressed. If youre stressed out, admit it and figure out how to handle it. Focusing on it, especially without taking action, will only make things seem worse. 2. Get Some Sleep Being in college means your sleep schedule is, most likely, far from ideal. Getting more sleep can help your mind refocus, recharge, and re-balance. This can mean a quick nap, a night when you go to bed early, or a promise to yourself to stick with a regular sleep schedule. Sometimes, one good nights sleep can be all you need to hit the ground running amidst a stressful time. 3. Get Some (Healthy!) Food Similar to your sleep habits, your eating habits may have gone by the wayside when you started school. Think about what—and when—youve eaten over the past few days. You may think your stress is psychological, but you could also be feeling physical stress (and putting on the Freshman 15) if youre not fueling your body appropriately. Go eat something balanced and healthy: fruits and veggies, whole grains, protein. Make your mama proud with what you choose for dinner tonight! 4.  Get Some Exercise You may think that if you dont have the time to sleep and eat properly, you definitely dont have the time to exercise. Fair enough, but if youre feeling stressed, it may be that you need to squeeze it in somehow. Exercise doesnt necessarily have to involve a 2-hour, exhausting workout at the campus gym. It can mean a relaxing, 30-minute walk while listening to your favorite music. In fact, in a little over an hour, you can 1) walk 15 minutes to your favorite off-campus restaurant, 2) eat a quick and healthy meal, 3) walk back, and 4) take a power nap. Imagine how much better youll feel! 5. Get Some Quiet Time Take one moment and think: when was the last time you had some quality, quiet time alone? Personal space for students in college rarely exists. You may share your room, your bathroom, your classrooms, your dining hall, the gym, the bookstore, the library, and anywhere else you go during an average day. Finding a few moments of peace and quiet—with no cell phone, roommates, or crowds—might be just what you need. Stepping out from the crazy college environment for a few minutes can do wonders for reducing your stress. 6.  Get Some Social Time Have you been working on that English paper for three days straight? Can you even see what youre writing anymore for your chemistry lab? You could be stressed because youre being too focused on getting things done. Dont forget that your brain is like a muscle, and even it needs a break every once in a while! Take a break and see a movie. Grab some friends and go out dancing. Hop a bus and hang out downtown for a few hours. Having a social life is an important part of your college experience, so dont be afraid to keep it in the picture when youre stressed. It could be when you need it most! 7. Make Work More  Fun You may be stressed about one particular thing: a final paper due Monday, a class presentation due Thursday. You basically just need to sit down and plow through it. If this is the case, try to figure out how to make it a little more fun and enjoyable. Is everyone writing final papers? Agree to work together in your room for 2 hours and then order pizza together for dinner. Do a lot of your classmates have huge presentations to put together? See if you can reserve a classroom or room in the library where you can all work together and share supplies. You may just lower everyones stress level. 8. Get Some Distance You may be handling your own problems and trying to help others around you. While this can be nice for them, check in and be honest with yourself about how your helpful demeanor may be causing more stress in your life. Its okay to take a step back and focus on yourself for a little while, especially if you are stressed and your academics are at risk. After all, how can you keep helping others if youre not even in a state to help yourself? Figure out which things are causing you the most stress and how you can take a step back from each. And then, most importantly, take that step. 9. Get a Little Help It can be hard to ask for help, and unless your friends are psychic, they may not know how stressed out you are. Most college students are going through the same things at the same thing, so dont feel silly if you need to just vent for 30 minutes over coffee with a friend. It may help you process out what you need to do, and help you realize that the things you are so stressed about are actually pretty manageable. If youre afraid of dumping too much on a friend, most colleges have counseling centers specifically for their students. Dont be afraid to make an appointment if you think it will help. 10. Get Some Perspective College life can be overwhelming. You want to hang out with your friends, join clubs, explore off campus, join a fraternity or sorority, and be involved in the campus newspaper. It can sometimes feel like there arent enough hours in the day. Thats because there arent. Theres only so much any person can handle, and you need to remember the reason why youre in school: academics. No matter how exciting your co-curricular life can be, you wont be able to enjoy any of it if you dont pass your classes. Make sure to keep your eye on the prize and then head out and change the world!

Pfizer s Drug Testing Strategy - 1275 Words

According to the reading Pfizer’s Drug-Testing Strategy in Nigeria in Chapter 4 of International Business (Hill, 2011), in 2006 it was determined that the world’s largest pharmaceutical company, Pfizer Inc, violated an international law by Nigerian officials. This is law made it illegal for unapproved drugs to be tested on human beings. The crime took place in 1996 when a test drug, Trovan, was given to nearly 100 children suffering from a deadly strain of meningitis. Five of the children given the drug died while 6 others died after receiving a comparison of the antibiotic. This case questions the ethics of decision making on Pfizer’s behalf. Though Pfizer obtained verbal consent from parents to administer Trovan to their children, all ground was not covered. There is an issue of falsified documentation, the omission of information (mainly that Trovan was experimental), and the disregard for the well-being of the children by not taking them off of the drug. Base d on information presented in this case it is believed that Pfizer did not act ethically because the sick children’s best interest was not taken to heart. It generally 12 years for a potential new drug to go from the lab to garnering approval for use. The clinical development of a drug can be time consuming and expensive which accounts approximately 45 to 75 percent of the $1.2 billion average cost of bringing a new therapy to market. There are 4 phases of clinical development that is done are pre-clinical trials.Show MoreRelatedLipitor Marketing Case Study Essay1579 Words   |  7 Pagesmarket share leader. Warner-Lambert developed the drug initially but needed to catch up in the market so they teamed up with Pfizer, known for their marketing and sales competency. This partnership was just what the doctor ordered for the initial introduction of Lipitor to the market. In 2001, Pfizer took full control of Lipitor and changed the marketing game once again. 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Social * Ageing population puts pressure on healthcare systems. * Epidemic of chronic diseases. * Rising consumer expectations. * Payers choosing generic drugs for first-line treatment of common ailments. Technological * Increase productivity, decrease costs and develop new treatment modalities to enhanceRead MoreFinancial Analysis of Merck and Pfizer3681 Words   |  15 Pagesgeneric and branded drugs. The industry expanded during the 1980’s and drugs to treat heart disease and AIDS were prominent. Consumer demand for nutritional supplements and alternative medicine increased during the 1990’s with the Internet facilitating direct purchases of drugs. Advertising for direct consumption of pharmaceutical drugs became more prominent; pharmaceutical companies were criticized for over medicating personality or social problems. Society expects drug companies to improveRead MoreThe Pharmaceutical Industry1967 Words   |  8 Pageson prescription drugs in the United States. This growth was driven by favorable demographics. As people grow older, they tend to need and consume more prescription medicines, and the population in most advanced nations has been growing older as the post-World War II baby boom generation ages. Looking forward, projections suggest that spending on prescription drugs will increase between l0 and ll% annually through 2013. Second, successful new prescription drugs can be extraordinarilyRead MorePfizer Competitor Analysis3807 Words   |  16 PagesRiDUCES and Competitor Analysis Pfizer, Inc: Branded Pharmaceutical Industry-Oncology Pharmaceuticals Executive Summary The value that the branded pharmaceutical industry adds to the US economy is growing slower than US GDP (Snyder, 2012). Rivalry has intensified while the rate of blockbuster drug development has slowed due to an increase in regulation from the government and the industry trade association, PhRMA. The number of new entrants is fairly low and some are exiting or consolidating through

Macbeth Victim or Villan Free Essays

Macbeth: Victim or Villain William Shakepear’s Macbeth is a tragedy that contains a perfect example of how lust for power can twist one’s thoughts, emotions, and personality. Even the noblest human being can become malicious when faced with the opportunity to gain power. Macbeth, the play’s protagonist, comes face to face with this exact dilemma, causing him to transform from a valiant war hero into a murderous villain. We will write a custom essay sample on Macbeth: Victim or Villan or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the beginning of the play, Macbeth’s future is foretold by three witches. The first prediction is stated by the first witch saying, â€Å"All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Glamis† (I. ii. 48)! Thane of Glamis was already Macbeth’s title; therefore the first witch is correct. The second witch predicts that Macbeth will become Thane of Cawdor. Immediately after the witches disappear, a message comes for Macbeth saying that he will now be the Thane of Cawdor as a result of the preceding Thane’s act of treason. The final prediction made by the witches was that Macbeth would be â€Å"†¦King hereafter† (I. iii. 50. ). At first, Macbeth dismisses the predictions, but because the first two predictions from the witches are correct, Macbeth concludes that the third must be true as well. The prospect of gaining power as king appeals to Macbeth, but he does not yet know how he will become king. Macbeth decides to take matters into his own hands, creating a plot to kill the current King of Scotland, thereby speeding up the time between now and Macbeth’s coronation. The witches’ predictions have already taken root in his brain and, by dwelling on them, Macbeth allows his evil thoughts to grow and flourish. This causes him to carry out his evil deeds along with his wife, Lady Macbeth, who has also become lethal in the pursuit of power. After realizing that he can make himself king, Macbeth concocts a plan to kill Duncan, the present King. Macbeth and his wife decide to kill Duncan when he comes, as a guest, to their castle. At this point, Macbeth can easily change his mind and allow the future to take its course without his interference, but instead, his decision to kill Duncan remains. After murdering Duncan, Macbeth feels a wave of guilt. As the play goes on, Macbeth’s conscience begins to become numb to the idea of taking the life of someone else. The next major character in the story that is killed is Banquo. In the play, Banquo is also given a prediction by the witches: â€Å"Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none† (I. iii. 67. ). This means that although Banquo is not king, his descendants will be. Macbeth realizes that this may be a problem later on and it may interfere with him being king. Banquo is also suspicious about how Macbeth is able to become king. He says â€Å"Thou hast is now: King, Cawdor, Glamis, all, / As the weird women promised, and I fear / thou play’dst most foully for ‘t† (III. i. 1-3). With the prospect of Banquo’s descendants becoming king and the possibility that Banquo is suspicious of how he became king, Macbeth decides that Banquo and Banquo’s son, Fleance, must be exterminated. Macbeth hires murderers to kill the two of them as they both go horseback riding. Though Banquo is a close friend of Macbeth, this does not stop him from murdering both Banquo and Banquo’s son in Macbeth’s quest for power. Subsequently, Macbeth returns to the witches to get more information about his future. Macbeth is so concerned about keeping his crown that he willingly goes to the witches so he can figure out which action to take next in order to maintain his power. While there, he is given four more predictions in the form of apparitions. The first apparition, which is an armored head, says â€Å"Beware Macduff! Beware the Thane of Fife† (IV. i. 71-72. ). This apparition means that Macbeth should be wary of Macduff because he somehow poses a threat to Macbeth. Macbeth refuses to allow Macduff to be the one that ends Macbeth’s rule as king. Without a second thought Macbeth hires murderers to go to Macbeth’s castle and kill everyone there, but what Macbeth does not know is that Macduff is not in his castle. Macduff is in Engla nd convincing Malcom, Duncan’s son, to send an army to Dunsinain. This is the same army that ultimately leads to Macbeth’s doom. This means that Macbeth has killed the innocent people in Macbeth’s castle for nothing. Macbeth has multiple opportunities to change his mind about his pursuit of the crown, but he still chooses to kill innocent people for his own selfish gain. Macbeth’s judgment is repetitively clouded by his quest for power throughout the novel. His apathy towards his murderous ways makes him a villain in the play. His identity changes from a war hero to a bloodthirsty tyrant. This shows that anyone is capable of becoming evil when given the right motive. How to cite Macbeth: Victim or Villan, Papers

Triandis definition of culture Essay Example

Triandis definition of culture Paper Culture, in sociology and social anthropology, is the beliefs, behavior, language, and entire way of life of a particular group of people at a particular time. Culture includes customs, ceremonies, works of art, inventions, technology, and traditions. Triandis definition of Culture: 1Culture is a set of human-made objective and subjective elements that in the past have increased the probability of survival and resulted in satisfaction for the participants in an ecological niche, and thus became shared among those who could communicate with each other because they had a common language and they lived in the same time and place. 1 2British anthropologist Edward Burnett Tylor defines culture as that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. Many other definitions of culture have been offered, but by and large all refer to shared systems of values and behavior. 2 All human brings create culture, it is a pattern of ways of responding to basic needs such as food, shelter, clothing family, organization, religion, government and social structures. Each culture posses its own particular traditions, value and ideals. Judgment of what is wrong right or wrong, good or bad, acceptable or taboo are based on cultural values. Culture is the result of all the daily discussions and negotiations between people. They are frequently agreeing (sometimes openly, usually tacitly) about the proper way to do things and how to make meanings about the events of the world around them. If you want to change a culture you have to change all these conversations-or at least the majority of them. Sources: 1 http://www. olemiss. edu/courses/psy561/lect0_files/frame. htm We will write a custom essay sample on Triandis definition of culture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Triandis definition of culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Triandis definition of culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 2 Culture Defined, Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2000. 1993-1999 Microsoft Corporation. 3People learn culture. Many qualities of human life are transmitted geneticallyan infants desire for food, for example, is triggered by physiological characteristics determined within the human genetic code. An adults specific desire for milk and cereal in the morning, on the other hand, cannot be explained genetically; rather, it is a learned (cultural) response to morning hunger. Culture, as a body of learned behaviors common to a given human society, acts rather like a template (ie. it has predictable form and content), shaping behavior and consciousness within a human society from generation to generation. So culture resides in all learned behavior and in some shaping template or consciousness prior to behavior as well (that is, a cultural template can be in place prior to the birth of an individual person). 3 4According to the American Heritage English Dictionary, the definition of culture is: The totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought. 4 Status: 5Status is a socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by others. status can be formal as well as informal. Formal statuses are those given in form of a designation for example in an organization such as manager. Informal will include those, which exists outside the organization or even within but less important than the formal one. 5 Sources: 3http://www. wsu. edu:8001/vcwsu/commons/topics/culture/culture-definition. html 4http://www. wsu. edu:8001/vcwsu/commons/topics/culture/glossary/culture. html 5Stephen P Robbins, Organizational Behavior, 7th edition. Five Different Cultural Approaches. Universalism vs. Particularism. Universalists are more rule based and particularists are relationship based. In paritcularists approach more attention and importance is given to relationships. People in Universalists culture believe that general rules, codes, values and standards take are more important than particular needs and claims of friends and relations. Particularistic cultures see the ideal culture in terms of friendly relationships. They focus more on relationships. Individualism vs. Collectivism. In individualistic culture people place the individual before the society. They are expected to make decisions by themselves. In a particularistic culture, the quality of life for all members of society is seen as directly reliant on opportunities for individual freedom and development. The community is judged by the extent to which it serves the interest of individual members. In a collectivist culture people place the community before the individual. In collectivist culture people are expected to act in such a way that it serves the society. The individual is judged by the extent to which he serves the interest of the society. Achievement vs. Ascription. Achievement means people are judged on what they have recently achieved or accomplished. Ascription means that status is attributed to you by things like birth, kinship, gender, age, interpersonal connections, or educational record. Achieved status refers to doing, ascribed status refers to being. Achievement-oriented societies or organizations justify their hierarchies by claiming that senior people have achieved more. In ascription-oriented cultures, however, hierarchies are justified by power-to-get-things-done. Neutral vs. Emotional.